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Our Nation's coasts provide important fish and wildlife habitat, far beyond their limited geographic extent.
Coastal ecosystems comprise less than 10 percent of the Nation's land area, but support far greater
proportions of our living resources. Specifically, coastal areas support a much higher percentage of the
Nation's threatened and endangered species fishery resources, migratory songbirds, and migrating and
wintering waterfowl.
Today, these species and their habitats face serious threats in coastal regions from human population
growth and the development and disturbance that are often a consequence of growth. Population projections
indicate that our coastlines will continue to receive the majority of the Nation's growth and development,
promising to compound today's habitat losses.
As habitat is degraded, reduced or eliminated, plants and animals suffer population losses that can lead
to the need for protection under the Endangered Species Act. The Service's Coastal Program is working to
avoid further species declines by enhancing the agency's efforts within the Nation's coastal areas and
securing funding for conservation, including habitat restoration efforts.
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The Coastal Program focuses the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's efforts in
bays, estuaries and watersheds around the U.S. coastline. The purpose of the
Coastal Program is to conserve fish and wildlife and their habitats to support
healthy coastal ecosystems. The Service provides funding through the program
to 16 high-priority coastal ecosystems.
Since 1994, the Coastal Program and its partners have:
- reopened 3,330 miles of coastal streams for anadromous fish passage
- restored 77,870 acres of coastal wetlands
- restored 22,850 acres of coastal upland habitat
- restored 825 miles of riparian habitat
- protected 1,066,460 acres of habitat through conservation easements
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The Coastal Program integrates all Service activities in high
priority coastal ecosystems to:
- Identify the most important natural resource problems and solutions;
- Influence the planning and decision-making processes of other agencies and organizations with the
Service's living resource capabilities;
- Implement solutions on-the-ground in
partnership with others; and
- Instill a stewardship ethic, and catalyze the
public to help solve problems, change behaviors, and promote
ecologically sound decisions.
Since the great majority of the Nation's coastal areas are in private
hands, conservation of these ecologically important habitats is vital to protecting coastal natural
resources. The key is to find solutions that ensure self-sustaining natural systems despite
conflicting demands on our natural resources.
The Coastal Program provides incentives for voluntary protection of threatened, endangered and
other species on private and public lands alike. The program's protection and restoration
successes to date give hope that, through the cooperative efforts of many public and private
partners, adequate coastal habitat for fish and wildlife will exist for future generations.
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Albemarle/Pamlico Sounds, North Carolina » Fact sheet [in PDF]
Chesapeake Bay, Maryland/Virginia/Pennsylvania »
Fact sheet [in PDF]
Cook Inlet Alaska » Fact sheet [in PDF]
Delaware Bay Fact sheet [in PDF]
Florida Gulf Coast Fact sheet [in PDF]
Galveston Bay/Texas Coast » Fact sheet [in PDF]
Great Lakes Fact sheet [in PDF]
Gulf of Maine » Fact sheet [in PDF]
Oregon Coast
Pacific Islands
Puget Sound, Washington Fact sheet [in PDF]
San Francisco Bay, California Fact sheet [in PDF]
South Carolina Coast Fact sheet [in PDF]
South Florida/Everglades Fact sheet[in PDF]
Southern California/San Diego Bay Fact sheet [in PDF]
Southern New England/New York Bight » Fact sheet [in PDF]
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